Would it be illegal to choose a particular applicant over another applicant because one applicant was unmarried, or did not have children, over one who did? How about the inverse, specifically choosing a married person with children over an unmarried person? If I were to ask a question like "What are your plans for the next five years", and an interviewee volunteered information about spouse/children, am I legally allowed to use that information in making a hiring decision?
It is lawful to ask just about anything during an interview. The issue is what you do with the information. A legal problem arises because there is presumption, albeit it a rebuttable one, that the principal purpose of gathering such information is to discriminate in a manner prohibited by law. Most states prohibit marital-status discrimination, but Texas is not such a state.
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