Yes, absolutely. In Virginia, all that is required to maintain a cause of action for defamation is (a) publication (b) of an actionable statement (c) with the requisite intent. (See https://www.virginiadefamationlawyer.com/2013/02/defamation-of-character-libel-and-slander-law-in-virginia.html). If a former employer poses as a customer and posts a false review containing highly damaging statements about your business, there is a good chance that all three of those elements have been satisfied.
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