I was driving down the freeway in the HOV lane when I got pulled over and ticketed for the violation but no probable cause was given for being pulled over. As I understand it, they have to have more than you being by yourself in the car to pull you over. In theory you could have a child. I didn't.
You were seen driving in the HOV lane with only one person in the vehicle. You were pulled over. You were ticketed for the violation. Of course that is "probable cause."
YES. It is more than probable cause that a violation might be committed. The fact that the officer saw you in the HOV lane is clear evidence that a violation WAS committed. Since you had no child in the car with you, or any other person, what is the relevance of your "in theory" argument?
If the officer had "reasonable suspicion" you were solo, he/she can stop you. You might contact a DUI or traffic attorney to discuss your case, you may have defenses you aren't aware of.
Problem is you were the only one in your car in the HOV lane and whether or not the cop really knew that at the time he pulled you over, he can certainly say he did and he was vindicated and he will be believed and you will not be. So yes there was probable cause.
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