my ex spouse was previously deported 10 years ago while hoding his green card, could I file to bring him back to the U.S.?

You cannot file an immigrant visa petition for a former spouse. You would need to be married in order to file an immigrant visa petition on his behalf. In addition, it is important to know more about why your former spouse was deported. Under some circumstances a person who is deported is permanently ineligible for admission. Someone who was previously deported often requires a waiver at the very least. Do you know why your former spouse was deported? If his deportation was the result of a criminal conviction, please provide as much detail as possible about the conviction. You can read more about family immigration at http://myattorneyusa.com/family-immigration.