Can I own a long rifle if my brother living with me has a felony?

You are able to own a gun. He just can't live there then.

You may legally own a rifle if you are of age and pass the standard background check. You brother however, is a convicted felon, and may not be in possession of a firearm OR ammunition. Possession is a very broad term. Actual possession means you have it in your hands or on your body. Constructive possession is having the firearm in an area where it is readily available for your brother to get at it. I have seen defendants convicted of felony firearms charges for being in the same house as a firearm. I would suggest that if your brother is going to live with you that you store the firearm at a different home and never have it anywhere around him for HIS protection. Or your brother can move out and you can store it at your house.

He cannot be in a house with a gun or he can be sent back to prison on a felony. I sometimes suggest that people keep the gun in their car trunk and make sure he is never in that car.

He cannot be around firearms. He can petition the court for his firearms right back.

The question is not really whether you can on one, but rather or not he can reside in the same household with you if you have one. He could be charged as a felon being in possession of a firearm under the theory of constructive possession if they can prove he knew where the weapon was and if he had reasonable access to it. This could be negated if it was locked away in a storage cabinet that only you had the key to. The question really is whether or not he wants to risk being charged with a new felony someday by residing in the same house where there is a rifle.

Confer with an attorney with the details and for firm advise, it is possible but you brother cannot have any access to it. Do it correctly or he could get in a great deal of trouble.