The beneficiaries for a retirement or pension plan are normally set by the employee in conjuction with the rules of the plan. The question can only be answered by application to the plan as to who the beneficiaries are as set by the employee.
A retirement or pension plan is considered a non-probate asset. This means that whoever is listed as the designated beneficiary will receive the retirement or pension plan death benefits, regardless of what the will says.
It depends on who the parent names as beneficiary. If the account is governed by the Federal ERISA laws, then the wife would need to be the beneficiary, regardless of what the account says, unless she signs off on it. This is something that should not be left to chance. The parent needs to decide what they want and then make it happen.
Usually it's whoever is named as the beneficiary on the account. If no one is named it becomes part of the decedent's estate and is distributed according to the will or the state's laws of intestacy.
The person makes these beneficiary choices and directs the pension company. A spouse has some rights to some pensions which may have to be waived by him or her in order to allow anyone else to be named as beneficiary.
Death may cut off both of those plans; you need to read the documents to see what they provide. Otherwise, and if no provision was made to the contrary in the divorce proceedings, the amounts would be part of the assets of the estate and would pass via the normal probate laws. If there is no Will, the wife might get the full amount of the estate. You can read the Nolo Press books on estate law for a layperson's explanation of the process.
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