I have a quit claim deed from my father who has passed. Can his surviving wife take the land if it has been recorded in Mississippi

A quit claim deed does not transfer title.  It only notes that the signer quits making a claim to use property (such as an easement over a neighbor's driveway to get to his own land.) If you did not own the land to begin with, it does not matter that your father quit claiming his right to use it in favor of you.  You had no title to the land to begin with.